Welcome to the Utah vaccine-preventable disease (VPD) and invasive bacterial disease dashboard. This page provides an overview of trends and data for select VPDs and invasive bacterial diseases monitored throughout Utah. The information here is designed to help identify changes in disease activity, guide public health responses, and support disease prevention efforts across the state.
Data are updated quarterly. Most of the tables, charts, and maps in this report are interactive. Click on the column heading to sort tables. Maps and charts can be sorted, zoomed, selected, etc. using the mouse cursor. Data will appear when you hover or click the mouse cursor. Controls appear at the top right corner of charts when you put the mouse cursor on the chart. These data are monitored by epidemiologists to detect changes in disease activity and guide prevention and education efforts. More information can be found here.
Tabs across the top of this page lead to subpages grouped by diseases, starting with less common VPDs including meningococcal disease, diphtheria, tetanus, and poliomyelitis. Data on select invasive bacterial diseases including pneumococcal disease (Streptococcus pneumoniae), group A and group B Streptococcus, and Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome, are located under the ‘Invasive streptococcus diseases’ tab.
Data for viral hepatitis can be viewed on the Utah Viral hepatitis dashboard.
Data for Covid-19, influenza, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) can be viewed on the Utah respiratory disease surveillance dashboard.
Immunization coverage data for various age groups and vaccines throughout Utah can be viewed on the Utah immunization dashboard. Additional information and data reports for immunization coverage levels in Utah can be found here.
All rates in this dashboard are per 100,000 people. Data from 2023 is the most recent complete year. Data are subject to change as they become finalized. Individual disease investigations take time to complete; for this reason, data in this report should be considered provisional and will change as more complete reports are received.
“MMWR week” refers to a standardized week numbering system used by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for epidemiological reporting. The first day of any MMWR week is Sunday. MMWR week numbering is sequential beginning with 1 and incrementing with each week to a maximum of 52 or 53. MMWR week #1 of an MMWR year is the first week of the year that has at least four days in the calendar year. NOTE: because of this rule, December 29, 30, and 31 could potentially fall into MMWR week #1 of the following MMWR year.
Report date: October 16, 2024
Data notes: Averages are susceptible to skewing due to outbreaks and should be interpreted with care. YTD indicates counts are year-to-date. Trend is calculated by comparing the current year-to-date count to the 5-year year-to-date average. A percent change of 15% or more will result in a change in the trend. This should not be interpreted as statistical significance. *Data for diseases with low counts have been suppressed.
Meningococcal disease is a bacterial infection that infects the blood, the brain, and spinal cord. It is relatively rare and is more common in infants, children, and young adults. It can be spread by contact with mucus or droplets from the nose and throat of an infected person. The most common symptoms include high fever, tiredness, and a rash. Changes in behavior such as confusion, sleepiness, and being hard to wake up are important symptoms.
Diphtheria is a bacterial disease spread through close contact with discharge from an infected person’s nose, throat, eyes, and skin. It is extremely rare in the US, but is more common where people live in crowded conditions and among unimmunized children or adults. Symptoms may begin to appear 2 to 4 days after infection, and can last from 1 to 10 days.
Tetanus, or lockjaw, is a bacterial disease that affects the nervous system. The bacteria is found in soil, dust, and manure, and enters the body through cuts or wounds in the skin. It is not transmitted from person to person. If left untreated, tetanus can cause jaw cramping, sudden, involuntary muscle tightening, painful muscle stiffness, trouble swallowing, fever and sweating, high blood pressure, and a fast heart rate.
Polio is a viral disease that affects the central nervous system. It is more common in infants and young children and occurs often under conditions of poor hygiene, as it is spread by feces (poop). Infection ranges from fever, headache, nausea, vomiting, and muscle pain to extreme paralysis and death. Polio has been eliminated in the US. The last case of polio in the US caused by a wild poliovirus was in 1979. The last case of vaccine-associated paralytic polio in the US was in 1999.
Notes: All rates in this dashboard are per 100,000 people. Data from 2023 is the most recent complete year. Numbers are subject to change as data are finalized. Cases reported for meningicoccal disease include probable and confirmed. Cases reported for diphtheria are confirmed. All reports of tetanus are included.
Report date: October 16, 2024
Measles infection is caused by a virus that is spread through coughing and sneezing. Symptoms appear 7 to 14 days after contact with the virus and typically include high fever, cough, runny nose, and watery eyes. A rash appears 3 to 5 days after the first symptoms and spreads to the face, chest, and arms. Measles is highly contagious and can cause complications such as pneumonia and ear infection. Vaccination is the best way to prevent exposure and illness. The last case of measles in Utah was in March 2023 in an unvaccinated Utah resident who had traveled internationally.
Mumps is caused by a virus and causes fever and swelling of the saliva glands on 1 or both sides of the face, called parotitis. Mumps usually occurs in children between the ages of 5-14 years of age, and is spread when an infected person sneezes or coughs droplets containing the virus into the air. It is also important to know that people with mumps are infectious (can spread the disease) from 2 days before they get symptoms through 5 days after the swelling occurs. This means an infected person can spread the disease before they know they are infected. In very extreme cases, the disease can lead to hearing loss and meningitis.
Rubella (German measles) is a relatively mild virus for children and adults. For pregnant women who get rubella, it can become serious. Pregnant women transmit rubella to their unborn children. The virus can affect the unborn child, causing the baby to be born with defects such as cataracts, deafness, and mental retardation. Rubella is spread through coughing and sneezing. Symptoms for children and adults are mild: low-grade fever, rash, weakness, headache, runny nose, and red eyes.
Notes: All rates in this dashboard are per 100,000 people. Data from 2023 is the most recent complete year. Numbers are subject to change as data are finalized. Cases reported for measles include probable and confirmed. Cases reported for mumps include probable, confirmed, and unknown. Cases reported for rubella include confirmed and unknown.
Report date: October 16, 2024
Chickenpox (varicella) is a very contagious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus, a member of the Herpesvirus group. It causes a blister-like rash, itching, tiredness, and fever. It can be especially serious in babies, adults, and people with weakened immune systems. It is easily spread through coughing and sneezing. It can also be spread by touching or breathing in particles from chickenpox blisters. Vaccination can reduce the risk of chickenpox infection.
Notes: All rates in this dashboard are per 100,000 people. Data from 2023 is the most recent complete year. Numbers are subject to change as data are finalized. Cases reported include confirmed and probable cases.
Report date: October 16, 2024
**Counts for age groups with low counts have been suppressed. Note: rates for the 2024 year-to-date (YTD) data are based on 2023 population counts.
**Counts for age groups with low counts have been suppressed.
**Counts for age groups with low counts have been suppressed. Rates for the 5-year totals are calculated using the average population for each age group over the period 2019-2023.
Haemophilus is the name of a group of bacteria. There are several types of Haemophilus and they can cause different types of illnesses involving breathing, bones and joints, and the nervous system.
One common type, Hib (Haemophilus influenzae Type B), causes serious disease. Hib infection is passed from person-to-person by inhaling droplets of an infected person’s mucus or coming into direct contact with it. It usually occurs in children younger than age 5. If the bacteria stays in the child’s nose and throat, the child probably will not get sick. But sometimes the bacteria spread into the lungs or the bloodstream and can cause serious problems such as meningitis and pneumonia.
Notes: All rates in this dashboard are per 100,000 people. Data from 2023 is the most recent complete year. Data are subject to change as they become finalized. Cases reported are confirmed cases.
Report date: October 16, 2024
**Counts for age groups with low counts have been suppressed.Note: rates for the 2024 year-to-date (YTD) data are based on 2023 population counts.
**Counts for age groups with low counts have been suppressed.
**Counts for age groups with low counts have been suppressed. Note: rates for the 5-year totals are calculated using the average population for each age group over the period 2019-2023.
Pertussis, also known as whooping cough, is a respiratory infection caused by the bacteria Bordetella pertussis. It is highly contagious and most harmful to infants and children. Most children get pertussis from adults and not from other children. Children can get pneumonia and in rare cases, can die from pertussis (especially in children younger than age 1).
Symptoms usually occur in 2 stages. The first stage begins like a cold, with a runny nose, sneezing, and a low-grade fever. The second stage includes uncontrolled coughing spells. The second stage can last 6–10 weeks. It is very contagious during the early stages of the illness and becomes less contagious by the end of 3 weeks. Antibiotics can shorten the contagious period.
Notes: All rates in this dashboard are per 100,000 people. Data from 2023 is the most recent complete year. Data are subject to change as they become finalized. Cases reported include probable and confirmed.
Report date: October 16, 2024
**Counts for age groups with low counts have been suppressed. Note: rates for the 2024 year-to-date (YTD) data are based on 2023 population counts.
**Counts for age groups with low counts have been suppressed.
**Counts for age groups with low counts have been suppressed. Note: rates for the 5-year totals are calculated using the average population for each age group over the period 2019-2023.
Streptococcus pneumoniae is a rare bacteria that can cause pneumonia, meningitis, or a blood stream infection. The disease is spread from person-to-person by direct contact with respiratory secretions, like saliva or mucus. Symptoms generally start with fever and shaking or chills. Other common symptoms may include headache, cough, chest pain, disorientation, shortness of breath, weakness, and occasionally a stiff neck.
Group A streptococcus (GAS) are bacteria found in the throat and on the skin. These bacteria can cause many different infections ranging from minor illnesses to very serious and deadly diseases, including strep throat, scarlet fever, impetigo, and others. Occasionally, the bacteria can be more severe and can begin to destroy the skin (known as necrotizing fasciitis). GAS is spread by direct contact with an infected individual or secretions from the throat or nose of an infected person.
Group B Streptococcus (GBS) commonly live in people’s gastrointestinal and genital tracts. Most of the time the bacteria are not harmful and do not make people feel sick or have any symptoms. Sometimes the bacteria invade the body and cause certain infections, which are known as GBS disease. GBS causes illness in newborn babies, pregnant women, elderly, and adults with other illnesses, such as diabetes or liver disease. GBS is the most common cause of life-threatening infections in newborns. Pregnant women should be tested for GBS late in pregnancy (36-37 weeks) as they can carry GBS and have no symptoms. Symptoms depend on the part of the body that is infected. Infection may cause bloodstream infections, lung infections, skin and soft-tissue infections, or bone and joint infections.
Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS) is a rare, but severe, illness that arises from complications with streptococcal Group A bacteria, (a disease that causes strep and mild illness). STSS can cause the following complications: kidney impairment, liver problems, sunburn-like rash that may peel, and the death of soft-tissue or muscle.
Notes: All rates in this dashboard are per 100,000 people. Data from 2023 is the most recent complete year. Data are subject to change as they become finalized. Cases reported for IPD include probable and confirmed. Cases reported for iGAS and iGBS are confirmed. Cases reported for STSS include confirmed and probable.
Report date: October 16, 2024
**Counts for age groups with low counts have been suppressed. Note: rates for the 2024 year-to-date (YTD) data are based on 2023 population counts.
**Counts for age groups with low counts have been suppressed.
**Counts for age groups with low counts have been suppressed. Note: rates for the 5-year totals are calculated using the average population for each age group over the period 2019-2023.
**Counts for age groups with low counts have been suppressed. Note: rates for the 2024 year-to-date (YTD) data are based on 2023 population counts.
**Counts for age groups with low counts have been suppressed.
**Counts for age groups with low counts have been suppressed. Note: rates for the 5-year totals are calculated using the average population for each age group over the period 2019-2023.
**Counts for age groups with low counts have been suppressed. Note: rates for the 2024 year-to-date (YTD) data are based on 2023 population counts.
**Counts for age groups with low counts have been suppressed.
**Counts for age groups with low counts have been suppressed. Note: rates for the 5-year totals are calculated using the average population for each age group over the period 2019-2023.
**Counts for age groups with low counts have been suppressed.
**Counts for age groups with low counts have been suppressed. Note: rates for the 5-year totals are calculated using the average population for each age group over the period 2019-2023.